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Fair Credit Reporting Act Summary
Anyone who uses information from a credit reporting agency (CRA) to take action against you — such as denying an application for credit, insurance or employment — must tell you and give you the name, address, and phone number of the CRA that provided the consumer report. 2. You can find out what is in your file.At your request, a CRA must give you the information in your file and a list of everyone who has requested it recently. There is no charge for the report if someone has taken action against you because of information supplied by the CRA, if you request the report within 60 days of receiving notice of the action. You also are entitled to one free report every twelve months upon request if you certify one of the following reasons:
Otherwise, a CRA may charge you up to $9.00. 3. You can dispute inaccurate information with the CRA.If you tell a CRA that your file contains inaccurate information, the CRA must investigate the items (usually within 30 days) by presenting to its information source all relevant evidence you submit, unless your dispute is frivolous. The source must review your evidence and report its findings to the CRA. (The source also must advise national CRAs — to which it has provided the data — of any error.) The CRA must give you a written report of the investigation, and a copy of your report if the investigation results in any change. If the CRA's investigation does not resolve the dispute, you may add a brief statement to your file. The CRA must normally include a summary of your statement in future reports. If an item is deleted or a dispute statement is filed, you may ask that anyone who has recently received your report be notified of the change. 4. Inaccurate information must be corrected or deleted.A CRA must remove or correct inaccurate or unverified information from its files, usually within 30 days after you dispute it. However, the CRA is not required to remove accurate data from your file unless it is outdated (as described below) or cannot be verified. If your dispute results in any change to your report, the CRA cannot reinsert into your file a disputed item unless the information source verifies its accuracy and completeness. In addition, the CRA must give you a written notice telling you it has reinserted the item. The notice must include the name, address, and phone number of the information source. 5. You can dispute inaccurate items with the source of the information.If you tell anyone — such as a creditor who reports to a CRA — that you dispute an item, they may not then report the information to a CRA without including a notice of your dispute. In addition, once you've notified the source of the error in writing, it may not continue to report the information if it is, in fact, an error. 6. Outdated information may not be reported.In most cases, a CRA may not report negative information that is more than seven years old (ten years for bankruptcies). 7. You may choose to exclude your name from CRA lists for unsolicited credit and insurance offers.Creditors and insurers may use file information as the basis for sending you unsolicited offers of credit or insurance. Such offers must include a toll-free phone number for you to call if you want your name and address removed from future lists. If you call, you must be kept off the lists for two years. If you request, complete, and return the CRA form provided for this purpose, you must be taken off the lists indefinitely. 8. You may seek damages from violators.If a CRA, a user, or (in some cases) a provider of CRA data violates the FCRA, you may sue them in state or federal court. 9. FCRA Contact InformationThe FCRA gives several different federal agencies authority to enforce the FCRA. Click here for a list of agencies |
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